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口 述:宋汝棼 白 岩 徐 虹 黄宗江 王云霞 杨允铭 罗艺军

采访/整理:张晓慧


宋汝棼:我介绍海默到晋察冀

20 世纪40 年代,北京有个育英中学,现在改名叫二十五中,在北京东城区灯市口大街,是美国基督教长老会办的中学。我是山东烟台人。海默是山东黄县人,但是他也在烟台念过书。当时,烟台人到北京念书的不少,来念中学的就喜欢上育英中学,因为育英中学是教会学校,日本统治的势力相对比较弱。我在烟台有一些好朋友是共产党员,1937 年他们都到抗日根据地去了,我那个时候只有15 岁,他们觉得我年龄太小,没让我去。1940 年我18 岁,到育英中学念高三,当时我刚加入共产党,开始做地下工作。海默在育英上高一,比我低两级,我跟海默很谈得来。在育英中学有烟台人一二十人,因为是老乡,大家都很熟。当时有一部分同学爱看进步书,其中就有海默。海默在育英中学时就喜欢写东西,育英中学有个《年刊》,那一年有个征文叫《剑栈风樯的旅客》,海默得了第二名,前三名的文章都登在年刊上,他文章的署名是他的本名“张泽藩”,大致是写一个壮志凌云,为了追求真理而各处漂泊的旅客。那时我们有两个思想,第一个是要抗日,因为日本鬼子已经占领了中国的很多地方,压得我们喘不过气来,要是不抗日就太可耻了。第二个是不喜欢国民党,认为国民党花天酒地,都是官迷。海默跟我说他在育英中学念书念不下去,他得抗日。当时他不知道我是共产党员,那时共产党员是要保密的。我就问他打算怎么办,他说他想去抗日根据地,我说那我送你去吧。当时,北京地下党的党员很少,抗战初期很多党员都去抗日根据地了,1939 年和1940 年党中央又决定要加强敌后的工作,希望有些人在大城市做地下工作,但是海默的性格太直,我们也考虑他做地下工作可能不太适合,就把他送走了。我们原先是属于晋察冀的组织部领导,后来成立了城市工作部,就归城市工作部领导,当时就介绍他去晋察冀边区。

1949 年北京解放以后,海默就回到北京了,他穿着一身军装来找我。那时我任北京崇文区的区委书记,大家见面很高兴。我问他入党了吗,他说因为没有人证明还没入上。我一细问才知道,人家问他是谁介绍到解放区的,他说是袁缚绪,解放区的人不知道袁缚绪,我党内的名字是宋汝棼,即使说宋汝棼也可能不知道,因为那时我是个小党员。我对他说,让你的单位来了解我好了,我给你写证明。他那个时候关系在武汉中南局,后来中南局就把外调函给我,我就说明是哪一年我把他介绍到晋察冀根据地的,1953 年,他就入党了。

他调到北影后经常到我家来,当时我住在南池子南口。有一天他来了,很高兴,说挣稿费了,要请我们去全聚德吃烤鸭。那时的人认为能吃一次烤鸭是很盛大的行为,当时我爱人去了,我老母亲去没去我忘了。58 年他来了,头发很长,很为落魄的样子。我问他怎么了,怎么头发也不理。他说给他划了个“漏网右派”,还问我怕不怕右派,说别人都不敢理他,也不敢接待他了。我说你上我这里来吧,我敢理你,我接待你。那时我已经调到北京市委工__业部任副部长了,管工业口的干部和政治工作。于是,他仍旧经常来。有一天他来,我问他你喝酒吗,因为我很少喝酒,所以家里老有酒。他一看,说喝。那天他喝了不少酒,喝醉了上厕所,还把头撞墙上了。有一次他来了,说陈毅同志看了《洞箫横吹》,给他平反了。我说那太好了。那个时候他住在宝禅寺。我母亲是个小学教员,也很喜欢他。当时我们家的伙食也不好,我有五个孩子,伙食能好吗?反正有什么就给他吃什么,他也不挑食。

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