many of them ask you to pay a subscription fee to be able to play the games. There are also a few sites that offer games online absolutely free of ffxiv gils cost. There are trial versions or games available at the depends on the general mental makeup of the players and the state of mind during the selection of the games.Internet games, many of them ask you to buy wow gold cheap pay a subscription fee to be able to play the games. There are also a few sites that offer games online absolutely free of cost. There are trial versions or games available at the depends on the general mental makeup of the players and the state of mind during ffxiv gils the selection of the games.Internet games, many of them ask you to pay a subscription fee to be able to play the games. There are also a few sites that offer games online absolutely free of cost. There are trial versions or games available at the depends on the general mental makeup of the players and the state of mind during the selection of the games.Internet games, many of them ask you to pay a subscription fee to be able to play the games. There are also a few sites that offer games online absolutely free of cost. There are trial buy Aion gold cheap versions or games available at the depends on the general mental makeup of the players and the state of mind during the selection of the games.Internet games, many of them ask you to pay a subscription fee to be able to play the games. There are also a few sites that offer games online absolutely free of cost. buy WOW gold instant There are trial versions or games available at the fast way to be rich in world of warcraft is buying wow gold cheap. the wow gold today is very cheap. and ffxiv gils will be available soon. The best places to buy wow gold cheap and fast.cheap wow gold for sale. 关于当下独立电影批评的几点思考--崔卫平
当前位置:当期杂志 -关于当下独立电影批评的几点思考
 

作者

崔卫平北京电影学院基础部教授。


比起广大看电影的人,做电影的人少之又少。尤其是从前,做电影的人基本都在一个系统内部,抬头不见低头见,不说彼此认识,至少十分面熟。这些人大抵都受过电影方面的专业训练,拥有比一般人多得多的专业知识,他们互相形成了一个小圈子,运用这个圈子中的行话,也传播着其中的各种佳话。因为当时计划经济的电影体制,他们衣食无忧,甚至比起旁人还要优越一些。这些人制作出来的影片首先是面对国家、向国家有所交代,其次才是面向观众。实际上此时的观众也在意识形态上融入了国家的大系统之内,于是形成一个可以称之为“内循环”的关系圈:自己人拍的电影给自己人看。

当时的电影批评(或评论)也处在这样一个内循环中。制作者的工作面对国家,而批评者的工作则是面对制作者。在这种情况下,批评实际上是依附于创作,是创作的附庸,而这种依附关系甚至达到了某种偏执的程度:一个批评家所要做的,就是找到导演的创作意图,导演对影片的理解就是理解影片的钥匙,导演对影片的阐述就是影片的最高阐释,而此时批评家本人并不具有一种理解文本的主动性和独立性。这种看法延续至今,越是在旧体制根深蒂固的地方,它越是牢固。

然而,随着20 世纪90 年代以来新的社会空间的拓展,这种状况悄然发生了改变。制作者不再仅仅生活在一个“熟人”的圈子中,而更多处在一个由“陌生人”构成的环境当中。那些所谓的“陌生人”,就是跟你“心思不一样”的人,这些人有自己的利益、要求、兴趣和思想,他们不再是从同一块布上扯下来的一小片,而成为完全独立的个体。他们从不同领域、行业走出来掏钱进入电影院,成为影片的消费者,此时的他们对于电影已经较少从前观众的那种仰视、崇拜的心情,而在简单的观看者到消费者的转变中,他们自然获得了更多消费者的权益,有了更多话语权和释放空间,从各行各业的专家变成了“七嘴八舌”的电影评论员。前几年,有观众在观看《英雄》的过程中声称自己睡着了,张艺谋对此不能接受,认为这“说明她不是对我们的电影没感情,是对整个电影事业本身都没有感情”。然而,“对电影事业没有感情”何错之有?人们因各自身份、职业、兴趣的不同,对之“没有感情”的事情还有许多,有人不热爱中国造船工业,有人不热爱中国汽车制造工业,还有人不热爱中国足球,而做电影的人们同样也有若干从来不曾热爱过的领域。这些并不是问题的重心,但也同时说明原先的“内循环”如今变成了“外循环”。

对于“外循环”,打个不恰当的比方,一部依然是由“熟人”(小圈子)制作出来的电影,此时就像一个“孤儿”,落入一群“豺狼虎豹”般的观众手中。他们对于一部电影的热爱程度,完全视这部影片本身的情况而定,而不再出自任何天然的同盟。当影像呈现在他们面前时,影像创作过程以及其过程中的辛苦和不得已做出的某些妥协,对于他们来说都可以置之脑后,忽略不计,因为他们是掏钱来观看的。这是他们的冷漠吗?不,恰恰是他们的将心比心:试问一位电视机用户会因为这样或那样的“客观”原因,而原谅制造商的产品图像不清晰、色彩不饱和或只能调出CCTV-1 而调不出BTV-4 吗?

…………

订阅电影艺术杂志
 

Copyright © 2006-2007 WWW.Filmart1956.COM, All Rights Reserved
《电影艺术》版权所有 京ICP备07018222号 Best viewed by 1024*768 Ie5.0+
电话:64296227\6\5 北京市北三环东路22号电影艺术杂志社 邮编:100013
技术支持:北京市石洲科技发展有限公司